A SAMHSA Research Initiative Assessing the Effectiveness of Jail Diversion Programs for Mentally Ill Persons



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	Mentally Ill Offenders
	Research Design, Methodology

Psychiatr Serv 50:1620-1623, December 1999
© 1999 American Psychiatric Association

Special Section on Mentally Ill Offenders

A SAMHSA Research Initiative Assessing the Effectiveness of Jail Diversion Programs for Mentally Ill Persons

Henry J. Steadman, Ph.D., Martha Williams Deane, M.A., Joseph P. Morrissey, Ph.D., Mary L. Westcott, Ph.D., Susan Salasin and Steven Shapiro

Abstract

For nearly 30 years jail diversion programs have had wide supportas a way to prevent people with mental illnesses and substanceuse disorders from unnecessarily entering the criminal justicesystem by providing more appropriate community-based treatment.Although these programs have had wide support, very few systematicoutcomes studies have examined their effectiveness. This paperdiscusses findings on rates of incarceration of persons withserious mental illness and co-occurring substance use disordersin U.S. jails, summarizes recently completed research on jaildiversion programs, and describes a three-year research initiativebegun in 1997 by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health ServicesAdministration that uses a standardized protocol to examinethe characteristics and outcomes of various types of jail diversionprograms in nine sites throughout the U.S.

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